New Zealand lake. Breathing into nature and why it matters

To find out the real country, you need to go away from the big tourist cities - a rule that works well for New Zealand. New Zealand is famous for its long trekking routes, which usually start at one point, end at another and take several days (usually 3-4 days), suggesting spending the night in small houses or awnings on the sites created along the route. Since both islands are quite large, there are many interesting places and they are not located in one place, but are evenly distributed in all regions, for a detailed study you will need two to three weeks for each island.

New Zealand is the land of many wonders of nature, everyone will find there something amazing and something that he will never forget in his life. Everyone will take a piece of New Zealand in their heart. Lake Taupo is a real gem in the realm of the beautiful landscapes of New Zealand and one of the most popular places for exciting yachting in this country. Located in the crater of an ancient volcano and surrounded by three sleeping volcanoes, Taupo impresses not only with the picturesque views that open when traveling on a yacht on this New Zealand reservoir, but also because of its scale, being the largest among all the lakes of this country.

As a result of the movement of lithospheric plates, magma chambers can occur. If liquid magma erupts to the surface of the earth, a volcanic eruption begins. Often a volcanic eruption is accompanied by powerful explosions, this is due to the degassing of magma and the explosion of combustible gases. The volcano falls asleep if the supply of new portions of magma from the magma chamber ceases, but may wake up (come to life) if the movement of the plates continues and the magma chamber is filled again. Volcanoes completely decay if the movement of plates in this area stops. Extinct (or ancient) volcanoes are those that worked in the distant geological past. For example, the capital of Scotland, the city of Edinburgh stands on an ancient volcano that erupted more than 300 million years ago (then there were no dinosaurs either).

1,545 active volcanoes are known on Earth (those that erupted at least once in the last 10 thousand years). About 60-80 volcanoes erupt on Earth annually. In the last decade, the most "fruitful" year was 2008, in which eruptions occurred on 78 volcanoes. In 2009 and 2010 eruptions recorded on 68 and 69 volcanoes, respectively. In the current 2011, 38 volcanoes have already erupted, including 4 in Kamchatka (Russia). At each separate moment, approximately 17-20 volcanoes on Earth are in the eruption stage.

Yachting in New Zealand on Lake Taupo is particularly popular, because not only can one come into contact with the country's historical past (for example, see Maori cave paintings from the board of the yacht), but also admire breathtaking landscapes. Beech and coniferous forests on the coast of the lake are adjacent to three majestic volcanoes that surround Taupo from the south. In local restaurants you should definitely try the classic English cuisine and traditional New Zealand wines, which have a pleasant taste and aroma.

New Zealand is like a planet in miniature - picturesque sandy beaches and harsh rocky coast, tropical rain and Scandinavian coniferous forests, sand dunes and wetlands, hot springs and cold glaciers, smoking volcanoes and flowering vineyards, high mountains and endless green hills, narrow fjords and huge lakes of absolutely incredible colors. Most of New Zealand, with the exception of the northern territory of the North Island, entering into the subtropics, lies in the temperate climate zone. The weather here is changeable and unpredictable. The trees are huge. New Zealand is a very safe country, the attitude to tourists is very friendly.

New Zealand is in its own way a mysterious and very distant from Europe state in the southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, located on two large islands, called the North and South, and about seven hundred other small islands. New Zealand is, in fact, a mysterious country and a tasty morsel for lovers of exotic travel.

The national parks of New Zealand are the main treasury of the country. People appeared on these islands only a thousand years ago, and even the arrival of Europeans did not have time to inflict any significant damage on the unique nature of this country. On the contrary, today in New Zealand they monitor the preservation of natural monuments very carefully, and if you look at the map of the country, you can immediately see what a considerable percentage of the area National Parks occupy. A total of 14 - 4 on the North Island, 9 on the South, and the Rakiura National Park is located on the island of Stuart, just southeast of the South Island. Each park is unique in its own way and includes some kind of "highlight", for example, the majestic fjords of the Fjordland, the volcano Taranaki of the Egmont National Park or the Tongariro massif of the park of the same name.

The time of an individual eruption ranges from several minutes to tens of years. The average eruption time is about 50 days; most eruptions do not last more than 100 days. Moreover, about 15 volcanoes are known that have been erupting almost continuously for more than 30 years. The most common volcanic rock is basalt, but hundreds of other volcanic rocks are known. The largest caldera-forming eruptions are usually associated with rhyolitic magma; ignimbrites are often formed during these eruptions. For Vesuvius, leucite phonolites are characteristic, for Etna - trachybasalts. During the eruption of Eyyafyatlayokudl in 2010, the first phase of the eruption was basalt, and the ash spreading towards Europe had a trachyandesite composition.

The global cause of volcanism on Earth is the turbulent convection of mantle matter, leading to the rise of hot mantle blocks, the movement of lithospheric plates and the pulling of the blocks of the earth's crust into the mantle. These processes of moving blocks with a contrasting temperature and chemical composition create the conditions for partial melting of a substance. The vast majority of volcanoes are confined to the boundaries of lithospheric plates (spreading zones and subduction zones). Volcanic forms are manifested on many celestial bodies of the solar system. The lunar seas (the dark regions on the Moon visible to the naked eye from the Earth) are composed of lunar basalts that poured onto the surface more than 1 billion years ago. On Mars, there is a huge volcanic plateau of Tharsis, within which the largest of the most famous volcanoes in the solar system have been discovered. Active volcanoes outside the Earth were discovered only on the satellite of Jupiter - Io.

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