Russia tours. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia Far East. City landscape of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Koryaksky volcano. Siberia travel

The volcano itself is clearly visible from the city and is included in the list of so-called "home volcanoes". The height of the Koryak volcano is 3456 meters. It is the highest volcano in the southern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The volcano is part of the Koryak-Avacha system and is located in the Eastern Ridge. Externally, it is a ribbed cone of the correct form. On a clear sunny day, the Koryak hill looks majestically.

In the western part of the top of the Koryak volcano is a modern crater, 200 meters in diameter, the edges of which are partially destroyed by past eruptions. In the northern part of the summit there is another ancient crater, on the site of which a circus with a diameter of 500 meters and a depth of more than 100 meters remained, currently filled with glacier. Koryak Volcano is still considered active. But its size does not correspond to the intensity of eruptions. In modern history recorded the most powerful eruptions in 1895 and 1956, respectively.

Today, researchers in Kamchatka did not agree on the number of volcanoes on this earth. Some believe that there are no more than a hundred of them, others believe that there are thousands of them. Such a large variation in the estimates is explained by a different approach to the issue: not all volcanoes in Kamchatka are active, many of them do not show their activity today, and therefore they are considered simply mountains. Nevertheless, such a concept as "active volcano", experts consider relative. The thing is that the active volcano is considered if there is evidence that it has ever erupted. And it could happen a hundred, and a thousand years ago.

The Koryak volcano is loved by the locals for its grandeur and constant presence on the horizon. This panorama can never be forgotten. Climbing the Koryak hill is carried out from May to September. In May, a tour with a downhill skiing or snowboarding. One of the main dangers of a volcano is flowing slopes. When descending it is very hard to keep on your feet.

Locals living near the volcano, found volcanic glass, which was used in everyday life, including the manufacture of arrowheads. In the 19th century, tribes of nomadic Koryaks founded a settlement at the foot of the hill, which the Russians called "Koryaks". And the mountain was named Koryak Sopka. Koryakskaya Sopka belongs to stratovolcano and has a conical shape. The cone is formed by basalt and andesite constructions, as well as by lava and ash.

The slope of the slopes of the volcano is quite large and reaches 35 degrees in the upper part and about 15-20 in the lower. Conquering the summit attracts many climbers. The ascent itself is considered quite difficult, and has already claimed more than one life. Glaciers and snowfields cover the entire northern slope of the volcano. Stretching to the very foot, they reach a length of 4 km. On the lower slopes of the Koryak volcano, there are forests of cedar elfin wood and stone birch.

In modern history, only 2 large eruptions of the Koryak volcano were recorded. The first occurred in 1895. It passed relatively calmly, the lava flowed without strong explosions. The second eruption began in 1956. It was accompanied by numerous explosions, emissions of gas and ash. As a result of the eruption, a crack 500 meters long was formed. In width, it reached 15 meters. Columns of gas and ash rose to a height of 1.7 km. But the pouring of lava in that year was not recorded.

The Koryak volcano stands out against the background of its neighboring volcanoes, primarily for its height and regular conical shape. Despite the fact that the volcano rarely shows activity, it is listed as a volcano of the decade. Since 1996, he entered the list of sixteen peaks, which studies the UN Commission (IAVCEI). They are considered the most dangerous because of their proximity to settlements. Locals perceive the activity of the volcano quite calmly.

Residents of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky can regularly see clouds in the form of a "cap" on their so-called "home volcanoes" located near the city. Koryaksky volcano (absolute height 3456 m, i.e., only 200 m below the famous volcano Fuji) is a classic stratovolcano. It is in the stage of gradual attenuation of vigorous activity, which is emphasized by the formation of large and deep barrancos, 9 which give a ribbed appearance to the volcano cone. Koryaksky is characterized by rare, mostly weak and moderate in strength eruptions, the last of which occurred in 2008-2010. It is possible, according to volcanologists, that the energy that is poorly spent and therefore gradually accumulated in its magma chamber can lead to the same explosion that literally "plucked" the peak on the neighboring Avachinsky volcano.

Reaching the bottom of the lithosphere, the cooling mass of the Earth's mantle for some time moves horizontally along a solid stone "shell", but then, cooling, it again descends towards the center of the planet. While the mantle moves along the lithosphere, pieces of the "shell" (lithospheric plates) move with it involuntarily, while the individual parts of the stone mosaic collide and crawl onto each other. The part of the slab that was below (on which another slab crawled) gradually sinks into the mantle and begins to melt. This is how magma is formed - a thick mass of molten rocks with gases and water vapor. Magma is lighter than the surrounding rocks, so it slowly rises to the surface and accumulates in the so-called magma foci, which are most often located along the line of collision of the plates. Magma is more liquid than the mantle, but still quite thick; Greek for "magma" means "thick pasta" or "dough".

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